|
Abbate D, Santamaria A, Brambilla A, Paneri R, Di Guiulio A (1980) Beta-endorphin and electroacupuncture. Lancet 16 : 13–31. |
|
Ackerman J (1999) Navach’s biochemical and neurophysical aspects of the VAS. International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 51–57. |
|
Akerele O (1991) WHO and the development of acupuncture nomenclature: overcoming a tower of Babel. Am J Chin Med 1: 89–94. |
|
Alimi D (2000) Effects of auricular stimulation on functional magnetic resonance imaging of the cerebral cortex. Third International Symposium of Auriculotherapy and Auricular Medicine. Lyons, France. |
|
Alimi D, Geissmann A, Gardeur D (2002) Auricular acupuncture stimulation measured on functional magnetic resonance imaging. Med Acupunc 13: 18–21. |
|
Asamoto S, Takeshige C (1992) Activation of the satiety center by auricular acupuncture point stimulation. Brain Res Bull 29: 157–164. |
|
Bergsmann O, Hart A (1973) Differences in electrical skin conductivity between acupuncture points and adjacent skin areas. Am J Acupunct 1: 27–32. |
|
Blum K, Braverman E, Holder J et al (2000) Reward deficiency syndrome (RDS): a biogenic model for the diagnosis and treatment of impulsive, addictive, and compulsive behaviors. J Psychoact Drugs 32: 2. |
|
Bossy J (1979) Neural mechanisms in acupuncture analgesia. Minerva Med 70: 1705–1715. |
|
Bossy J (2000) Anatomical comparisons of the external ear. Third International Symposium of Auriculotherapy and Auricular Medicine. Lyons, France. |
|
Brewington V, Smith M, Lipton D (1994) Acupuncture as a detoxification treatment: an analysis of controlled research. J Substance Abuse Treatment 11: 289–307. |
|
Bullock M, Culliton P, Olander R (1989) Controlled trial of acupuncture for severe recidivist alcoholism. Lancet i: 1435–1439. |
|
Chan W, Weissensteiner R, Rausch W et al (1998) Comparison of substance P concentration in acupuncture points in different tissues in dogs. Am J Chin Med 26: 13–18. |
|
Chapman C, Benedetti C, Colpitts Y, Gerlach R (1983) Naloxone fails to reverse pain thresholds elevated by acupuncture: acupuncture analgesia reconsidered. Pain 16: 13–31. |
|
Chen GS (1995) On auricular acupuncture. Second International Symposium on Auricular Medicine. Beijing, China: 37–48. |
|
Chen GS, Lu P (1999) History of auricular acupuncture in China. Presentation at International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 7–8. |
|
Chen H (1993) Recent studies on auriculoacupuncture and its mechanism. J Trad Chin Med 13: 129–143. |
|
Chiou S, Chao C, Yang Y (1998) Topography of low skin resistance points (LSRP) in rats. Am J Chin Med 26: 19–27. |
|
Cho ZH, Wong G (1998) New findings of the correlation between acupoints and corresponding brain cortices using functional MRI. Proc Natl Acad Sci 95: 2670–2673. |
|
Choy D, Eidenschenk E (1998) Effect of tragus clips on gastric peristalsis: a pilot study. J Altern Compl Med 4: 399–403. |
|
Clement-Jones V, McLaughlin L, Lowry P, Besser G, Rees L, Wen HL (1979) Acupuncture in heroin addicts: changes in met-enkephalin and beta-endorphin in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Lancet ii: 380–382. |
|
Clement-Jones V, Mc Loughlin L, Tomlin, S, Besser G, Rees L, Wen H (1980) Increased beta-endorphin but not met-enkephalin levels in human cerebrospinal fluid after acupuncture for recurrent pain. Lancet iii: 946–948. |
|
Cox B (1975) Patient motivation: a factor in weight reduction with auricular acupuncture. Am J Acupunct 3: 339–341. |
|
Dale R (1976) The micro-acupuncture systems, parts I & II. Am J Acupunct 4: 7–24; 196–224. |
|
Dale R (1985) The micro-acupuncture meridians. Intl J Chin Med 2: 31–49. |
|
Dale R (1991) Acupuncture meridians and the homunculus principle. Am J Acupunct 19: 73–75. |
|
Dale R (1993) Addictions and acupuncture: the treatment methods, formulae, effectiveness and limitations. Am J Acupunct 21: 247–266. |
|
Dale R (1999) The systems, holograms and theory of micro-acupuncture. Am J Acupunct 27: 207–242. |
|
Debreceni L (1991) The effect of electrical stimulation of the ear points on the plasma ACTH and GH level in humans. Acupunct Electrotherap Res 16: 45–51. |
|
Dvorkin E (1999) Morphology of auricular reflex points. International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 29–30. |
|
Ernst M, Lee M (1987) Influence of naloxone on electro-acupuncture analgesia using an experimental pain test. Acupunct Electrotherap Res 12: 5–22. |
|
Fedoseeva O, Kalyuzhnyi L, Sudakov K (1990) New peptide mechanisms of auriculo-acupuncture electro-analgesia: role of angiotensin II. Acupunct Electrotherap Res 15:1–8. |
|
Frank B (1999) A critical assessment of functional ear points. International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 62–63. |
|
Giller R (1975) Auricular acupuncture and weight reduction. A review and overall approach. Am J Acupunct 3: 151–153. |
|
Helms J (1990) WHO adopts standard international acupuncture nomenclature. AAMA Review 2: 33. |
|
Ho W, Wen H, Lam S, Li A (1978) The influence of electroacupuncture on naloxone induced morphine withdrawal in mice: elevation of brain opiate-like activity. Eur J Pharmacol 49: 197–199. |
|
Holder J, Duncan R, Gissen M, Miller M, Blum K (2001) Increasing retention rates among the chemically dependent in residential treatment: auriculotherapy and subluxation-based chiropractic care. Molec Psychiatry 6: S8. |
|
Hsieh C (1998) Modulation of cerebral cortex in acupuncture stimulation: a study using sympathetic skin response and somatosensory evoked potentials. Am J Chin Med 26: 1–11. |
|
Hsieh J, Stahle-Backdahl M, Hagermark O, Stone-Elander S (1995) Traumatic nociceptive pain activates the hypothalamus and the periaqueductal gray: a positron emission tomography study. Pain 64: 303–314. |
|
Hyvarinen J, Karlsson M (1977) Low skin resistance skin points that may coincide with acupuncture loci. Med Biol 55: 88–94. |
|
Ionescu-Tirgoviste C, Pruan S, Bajenaru P (1991) The participation of the autonomic nervous system in the mechanism of action of acupuncture. Am J Acupunct 1 9: 21–28. |
|
Jaung-Geng L, Salahin H, Jung-Charng L (1995) Investigation on the effects of ear acupressure on exercise-induced lactic acid levels and the implications for athletic training. Am J Acupunct 23: 309–313. |
|
Kashiba H, Ueda Y (1991) Acupuncture to the skin induces release of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide from peripheral terminals of primary sensory neurons in the rat. Am J Chin Med 19: 189–197. |
|
Kawakaita K, Kawamura H, Keino H, Hongo T, Kitakohji, H (1991) Development of the low impedance points in the auricular skin of experimental peritonitis rats. Am J Chin Med 19: 199–205. |
|
Kho H, Robertson E (1997) The mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia: review and update. Am J Acupunct 25: 261–281. |
|
Kitade T, Hyodo M (1979) The effects of stimulation of ear acupuncture points on the body’s pain threshold. Am J Chin Med 7: 241–252. |
|
Krause A, Clelland J, Knowles C, Jackson J (1987) Effects of unilateral and bilateral auricular transcutaneous electrical stimulation on cutaneous pain threshold. Physical Therapy 67: 507–511. |
|
Kroening R, Oleson T (1985) Rapid narcotic detoxification in chronic pain patients treated with auricular electroacupuncture and naloxone. Intl J Addict 20: 1347–1360. |
|
Kvirchishvili V (1974) Projections of different parts of the body on the surface of the concha auriculae in humans and animals. Am J Acupunct 2: 208. |
|
Lee T (1977) Thalamic neuron theory: a hypothesis concerning pain and acupuncture. Med Hypoth 3: 113–121. |
|
Lee T (1994) Thalamic neuron theory: theoretical basis for the role played by the central nervous system (CNS) in the causes and cures of all disease. Med Hypoth 43: 285–302. |
|
Leib S (1999) Nogier’s three functional layers to evaluate conventional medications. International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 59–60. |
|
Lichstein E, Chaddie K, Naik D, Gupta P (1974) Diagonal earlobe crease: prevalence and implications as a coronary risk factor. New Engl J Med 290: 615–616. |
|
Lin C (1984) Use of auricular acupuncture for the relief of tooth pain. Am J Acupunct 12: 239–244. |
|
Margolin A, Chung P, Avants S, Kosten T (1993a) Effects of sham and real auricular needling: implications for trials of acupuncture for cocaine addiction. Am J Chin Med 221: 191–197. |
|
Margolin A, Avants S, Chung P, Kosten T (1993b) Acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine dependence in methadone-maintained patients. Am J Addict 2: 194–201. |
|
Marignan M (1999) Dynamic and digital thermography of the ear. Presentation at the International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 23. |
|
Mehta J, Homby R (1974) Diagonal earlobe crease as a coronary risk factor. New Engl J Med 291: 260. |
|
Ng L, Douthitt T, Thoa N, Albert C (1975) Modification of morphine-withdrawal in rats following transauricular electrostimulation: an experimental paradigm for auricular electroacupuncture. Biol Psychiatr 10: 575–580. |
|
Ng L, Dionne R, Bragin E, Pert C, Pert A (1981) Alterations in rat central nervous system endorphins following transauricular acupuncture. Brain Res 224: 83–93. |
|
Niemtzow RC (1998) A high-protein regimen and auriculomedicine for the treatment of obesity: a clinical observation. Med Acupunct 9: 15–21. |
|
Nogier R (1999) History of Dr Paul Nogier’s work in auricular medicine. International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 19–22. |
|
Oleson T (1998) Differential application of auricular acupuncture for myofascial, autonomic, and neuropathic pain. Med Acupunct 9: 23–28. |
|
Oleson T, Flocco W (1993) Randomized controlled study of premenstrual symptoms treated with ear, hand, and foot reflexology. Obstet Gynecol 82: 906–911. |
|
Oleson T, Kroening R (1983a) A comparison of Chinese and Nogier auricular acupuncture points. Am J Acupunct 11: 205–223. |
|
Oleson T, Kroening R (1983b) A new nomenclature for identifying Chinese and Nogier auricular acupuncture points. Am J Acupunct 12: 325–344. |
|
Oleson T, Kroening R (1983c) Electroacupuncture and auricular electrical stimulation. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 2: 22–26. |
|
Oleson T, Kroening R, Bresler D (1980) An experimental evaluation of auricular diagnosis: the somatotopic mapping of musculoskeletal pain at ear acupuncture points. Pain 8: 217–229. |
|
Oliveri A, Clelland J, Jackson J, Knowles C (1986) Effects of auricular transcutaneous electrical stimulation on experimental pain threshold. Physical Ther 66: 12–16. |
|
Patterson M (1974) Electro-acupuncture in alcohol and drug addictions. Clin Med (Oct.): 9–13. |
|
Pert A, Dionne R, Ng L et al (1981) Alterations in rat central nervous system endorphins following transauricular electroacupuncture. Brain Res 224: 83–93. |
|
Pomeranz B, Chiu, D (1976) Naloxone blockade of acupuncture analgesia: endorphin implicated. Life Sci 19: 1757. |
|
Regrena Y, Fabre M, Pernice C, Nguyen J (1980) Smoking withdrawal therapy by acupuncture. Am J Acupunct 8: 57–63. |
|
Reichmanis M, Marino A, Becker R (1975) Electrical correlates of acupuncture. IEEE Trans Bio-Med Engin 22: 533–535. |
|
Reichmanis M, Marino A, Becker R (1976) D.C. skin conductive variation at acupuncture loci. Am J Chin Med 4: 69–72. |
|
Richards D, Marley J (1998) Stimulation of auricular acupuncture points in weight loss. Austral Family Phys 27 (suppl 2): S73–S77. |
|
Romoli, M, Vettoni F (1982) Alterations in the skin of the auricle and correlation with chronic disease. Minerva Med 73: 725–730. |
|
Sacks L (1975) Drug addiction, alcoholism, smoking, obesity treated by auricular staplepuncture. Am J Acupunct 3: 147–150. |
|
Saku K, Mukaino Y, Ying H, Arakwa K (1993) Characteristics of reactive electropermeable points on the auricles of coronary heart disease patients. Clin Cardiol 16: 415–419. |
|
Schjelderup V (1982) The principle of holography: a key to holistic approach in medicine. Am J Acupunct 10: 167–171. |
|
Shiraishi T, Onoe M, Kojima T, Sameshima Y, Kageyama T (1995) Effects of auricular stimulation on feeding-related hypothalamic neuronal activity in normal and obese rats. Brain Res Bull 36: 141–148. |
|
Simmons M, Oleson T (1993) Auricular electrical stimulation and dental pain threshold. Anesth Progr 40: 14–19. |
|
Sjolund B, Eriksson M (1976) Electroacupuncture and endogenous morphines. Lancet ii: 1085. |
|
Sjolund B, Terenius L, Eriksson M (1977) Increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of endorphins after electroacupuncture. Act Physiol Scand 1 00: 382–384. |
|
Smith M (1979) Acupuncture and healing in drug detoxification. Am J Acupunct 7: 97–107. |
|
Smith M (1988) Acupuncture treatment for crack: clinical survey of 1500 patients treated. Am J Acupunct 16: 241–247. |
|
Smith M (1990) Creating a substance abuse treatment program incorporating acupuncture. AAMA Rev 2: 29–32. |
|
Smith M, Squires R, Aponte J, Rabinowitz N, Regina S (1982) Acupuncture treatment of drug addiction and alcohol abuse. Am J Acupunct 10: 161–163. |
|
Sun Q, Xu Y (1993) Simple obesity and obesity hyperlipema treated with otoacupoint pressure and body acupuncture. J Trad Chin Med 13: 22–26. |
|
Takeshige C, Sato T, Mera T, Hisamit T, Fang J (1992) Descending pain inhibitory system involved in acupuncture analgesia. Brain Res Bull 29: 617–634. |
|
Van Gelder T (1999) Pain, chakra centers, and pathological auricular points. Presentation at International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 50. |
|
Voll R (1977) Energetic reactions between organ pairs and paranasal sinuses, ordontons, and tonsils in electroacupuncture according to Voll. Am J Acupunct 5: 101-114. |
|
Wang D (1984) Standard acupuncture nomenclature. WHO Regional Publications, Western Pacific Series, Manila. |
|
Wei F, Dubner R, Ren K (1999) Nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis and nucleus raphe magnus in the brain stem exert opposite effects on behavioral hyperalgia and spinal Fos protein expression after peripheral inflammation. Pain 80: 127–141. |
|
Wen HL (1977) Fast detoxification of drug abuse by acupuncture and electrical stimulation (AES) in combination with naloxone. Mod Med Asia 13: 13–17. |
|
Wen HL, Cheung S (1973) Treatment of drug addiction by acupuncture and electrical stimulation. Am J Acupunct 1: 71–75. |
|
Wen HL, Ho WK, Wong HK et al (1978) Reduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol in drug addicts treated by acupuncture and electrical stimulation (AES). Compar Med East West 7: 237–240. |
|
Wen H, Ho K, Ling N, Ma L, Choa G (1979) The influence of electro-acupuncture on naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal. II. Elevation of immunoassayable beta-endorphin activity in the brain but not the blood. Am J Chin Med 7: 237–240. |
|
Wong EK, Cho ZH (1999) Acupuncture, brain function, and modern fMRI imaging techniques. International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 31–33. |
|
World Health Organization (1985) Report on second WHO working group on the standardization of acupuncture nomenclature. Hong Kong. |
|
World Health Organization (1987) Report on third WHO working group on the standardization of acupuncture nomenclature. Seoul, Korea. |
|
World Health Organization (1990a) WHO report of the working group on auricular acupuncture nomenclature. Lyons, France. |
|
World Health Organization (1990b) A standard international acupuncture nomenclature: Memorandum from a WHO meeting. WHO Bulletin 68: 165–169. |
|
Xianglong H, Baohua W, Xiaoqing H, Jinsen X (1992) Computerized plotting of low skin impedance points. J Trad Chin Med 12: 277–282. |
|
Yang M, Kwok S (1986) Evaluation of the treatment of morphine addiction by acupuncture, Chinese herbs, and opioid peptides. Am J Chin Med 14: 46–50. |
|
Young M, McCarthy P (1998) Effect of acupuncture stimulation of the auricular sympathetic point on evoked sudomotor response. J Altern Compl Med 4: 29–38. |
|
Zhang YQ (1980) [A new micro-acupuncture system and another general law of distribution of acupoints besides that of the meridian-following distribution – the second metacarpal side therapy and the holographic law of distribution of acupoints.] (in Chinese) Wulanchabu Sci Tech 1: 38. |
|
Zhang YQ (1992) A new view of the organism: The ECIWO theory and its solution of some challenging problems in the frontiers of medicine and biology. Hong Kong, Peace Book. |
|
Zhou L (1995) Supplementary comments on the standardization of auricular points. J Trad Chin Med 15: 132–134. |
|
Zhou L (1999) The national standards of the People’s Republic of China. International Consensus Conference on Acupuncture, Auriculotherapy, and Auricular Medicine. Las Vegas, NV: 11–18. |